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M94A3305.TXT
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1994-10-25
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Document 3305
DOCN M94A3305
TI The C-terminal domain of HIV-1 Vpr causes cell growth arrest and
structural defects.
DT 9412
AU Macreadie I; Castelli L; Hewish D; Ward A; Azad A; Biomolecular Research
Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
SO Int Conf AIDS. 1994 Aug 7-12;10(1):106 (abstract no. PA0044). Unique
Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA10/94369270
AB OBJECTIVE: To determine possible role of HIV-1 Vpr, a virion-associated
accessory protein, in AIDS pathogenesis. METHODS: Full length and
truncated vpr genes were expressed in yeast and the effects of
expression on cell growth and morphology was studied. The effects of
electroporation of synthetic C-terminal peptides of vpr into yeast cells
was also studied. RESULTS: When expressed in yeast the HIV-1 vpr gene
causes cell growth arrest and gross cell enlargement. The C-terminal 33
amino acids of Vpr alone is responsible for this effect. This region
contains a repeated HS/FRIG motif that is conserved in Vpr molecules
from HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIVmac. C-terminal synthetic peptides containing
this motif, when introduced into yeast cells by electroporation cause
profound structural changes and loss of viability, while a shorter
C-terminal peptide lacking this motif has no effect. DISCUSSION AND
CONCLUSIONS: The C-terminal cytostatic domain of Vpr shows sequence
similarity to Sac1p, a protein with functions relating to the yeast
actin cytoskeleton; sac1 mutants display profound cytoskeleted defects
and growth arrest. Due to sequence (and perhaps functional) similarity,
Vpr could competitively inhibit normal Sac1p function leading to
cytoskeleted changes and growth arrest. The cytostatic effect of Vpr is
not peculiar to yeast cells as Levy et al. (Cell, 72, 541, 1993) have
shown that vpr gene causes gross cell enlargement and replication arrest
in a rhabdosarcoma (muscle) cell line. It would be interesting to see if
virion-associated Vpr causes a similar effect in HIV-infected cells and
if this phenomenon is important for some early event in infection.
DE Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/ETIOLOGY Amino Acid Sequence Cell
Division Cell Line Cytoskeleton/PATHOLOGY Fungal Proteins/GENETICS
Gene Expression Gene Products, vpr/GENETICS/PHARMACOLOGY *Genes, vpr
Human HIV-1/*GENETICS/PATHOGENICITY Membrane Proteins/GENETICS
Molecular Sequence Data Peptide Fragments/GENETICS/PHARMACOLOGY
Saccharomyces cerevisiae/GENETICS Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
MEETING ABSTRACT
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).